RES 832 GCU Principal Leadership and Academic Achievement Discussion – Description
Please provide a response to each of the two peer DQ responses. Each response should be approximately 250 words and include at least one reference and citation in APA 7th format. I have included the discussion question for context.
DQ 1 – Qualitative research tends to use small samples to examine a problem instead of using large samples as in quantitative research. With fewer people in the sample, it is important for the participants to be information-rich informants. With that in mind, consider the strengths and weaknesses of purposeful, convenience, and random sampling approaches in qualitative research. Then, assume you are an automobile manufacturing executive tasked with increasing sales in your state. You wish to do a qualitative study to obtain the perspective of sales personnel regarding an incentive program you implemented at a few dealerships that quantitatively proved to be successful. What sampling approach would you use to identify and select the 12-15 information-rich personnel from the target population? What eligibility criteria would you use in addition to being sales personnel in a dealership of this manufacturer in the given state? What logistic difficulties would you anticipate in drawing your sample? Explain your answers.
Denesha’s Response:
There are a few different sampling approaches that are used with qualitative research, and they are separated in two categories: probability and non-probability sampling. The probability sampling is also known as random sampling, and it is primarily used for quantitative research. This sampling technic tends to work well with larger numbers to allow the researcher to generalize the finding of the study to the population they are studying (Farrugia, 2019). There are other types of sampling that may seem more appropriate for qualitative sampling as it focuses more on smaller sampling sizes, these are categorized as non-probability sampling. The first of which we examine is convenience sampling. Convenience sampling is similar to how it sounds. The research uses information and resources that are within reach, those that are convenient for them to access (Farrugia, 2019). This particular sampling is the least rigorous and does not always yield the best results. Another form of sampling is called purposeful sampling. The researcher will select the most information-rich participants. This is decided by carefully identifying variables that will drive the selection process. The researcher uses that judgement and weighs the potential participants against the pre-set criteria in efforts to get the most information rich participants.
If the researcher wants to gain insight into the perspective of the participants concerning the incentive program, they may set their criteria as follows:
Criteria the researcher may use when selecting participants may be:
1. Time worked with the company.
2. If they are working at a location that has implemented the incentive program.
3. Sales records.
As with most sampling approaches the researcher may expect some logistical difficulties when drawing their sample (Bezyak et al., 2018). The criteria automatically weed some of the potential participants out, narrowing it down to those who may be the information rich. The participants must be accessible and willing. There is also a chance that there may not be as many participants who fit the criteria.
Bezyak, J. L., Jia-Rung W., Xiangli C., Tansey, T., Umucu, E., Lee, B., Iwanaga, K., & Fong C. (2018). Strategies for recruiting, engaging and retaining members in a community of practice for disability employment: A qualitative content analysis. Journal of Rehabilitation, 84(2), 40–47.
Farrugia, B. (2019). WASP (Write a Scientific Paper): Sampling in qualitative research. Early Human Development, 133, 69–71. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.03.016
Grandon’s Response:
According to Greenberger (2022), data collection by qualitative researchers includes but is not limited to, collection through other pathways rather than probability and variables. Additionally, Greenberger (2022), states that using a small, more targeted sampling group would allow for more explicit feedback from the targeted participants or sample. In regard to the eligibility criteria for this particular example, I would keep the sample around 50 or under participants through random sampling of gender, ethnicity, etc… A logistical concern associated with this particular scenario could be the time it would take to complete this study. To conclude, the researcher could utilize interviews, focus groups, questionnaires, or surveys to collect the targeted information from the participants. This will allow for the researcher to be purposeful with how, and what information they are targeting to compile from the participants. Specifically through designing questions targeted around producing a response that can support the researcher’s study.
Greenberger, S. (2022). Foundations of quantitative and qualitative research. In Grand Canyon University, GCU doctoral research: Foundational principles of research design (2nd ed., pp. 8-32). Grand Canyon University.
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