Ras Inclusive Advocacy for Intellectual Disabilities Discussion – Description
****Orginal post that NUMBER 1 and 2 discussion post students are replying too. As discussed in the DSM-5-TR, intellectual developmental disorder refers to an individual’s significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in adaptive behaviors; for example, self-help, communication, or interpersonal skills. According to the DSM-5-TR, the onset of an intellectual developmental disorder occurs during the developmental period. Unfortunately, persons with this diagnosis can be charged with various legal crimes later in life. Imagine you are working for the court system, and one of the defense attorneys has asked for a report regarding a client with an intellectual developmental disorder facing legal charges.
1. Respond to Pablo and respond with 100 words or more, be detailed and use in cite references or quotes if needed in all these post., “When working with individuals who suffer from issues such as intellectual developmental disorders, as social workers we must look at everything revolving around the individual. There is more to a person than their symptoms. Individuals with this disorder may get charged with various crimes since they lack communication or interpersonal skills. On a report it is important to include information that can help free the client of any charges. We can start by looking at the individual’s education and employment. By looking at their education level we can observe if they were in any courses for gifted children. Some information that I would include would be any diagnostic information. Citing the DSM-5 and diagnosis found in the DSM-5. We would also want any assessments done by experts that assess every day-to-day functional ability. Does the client can care for themselves or are they reliant on someone else to meet their basic needs. I think it would also be important to include any history of assessment, treatments, and interventions used during their upbringing. We can also include any previous criminal records they may have if they are made public. Supplementary sources that can be included are psychologist, psychiatrist, therapists, or social workers who have directly worked with the client. Including family members as well is important. This can give us insight that test results and analysis cannot provide. We sometimes forget that these are the people who know this client the best. This can be a difficult thing to manage. Since there are so many pieces to put together. Individuals who have intellectual development disorders deserve a chance to have a normal life. Consulting with legal professionals and collaborating with experts in this field can help to ensure the legitimacy of the report. As a social worker it is important to use all resources and work alongside other professional individuals to provide a strong and professional case, when advocating for clients. “
2. Respond to Corbin-” As discussed in the DSM-5-TR, intellectual developmental disorder refers to an individual’s significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in adaptive behaviors; for example, self-help, communication, or interpersonal skills. According to the DSM-5-TR, the onset of an intellectual developmental disorder occurs during the developmental period. Unfortunately, persons with this diagnosis can be charged with various legal crimes later in life. Imagine you are working for the court system, and one of the defense attorneys has asked for a report regarding a client with an intellectual developmental disorder facing legal charges. Describe what information would be included in the report as well as who would serve as supplemental sources of information. I think that this can be a very tricky situation. People who have intellectual disabilities can commit crimes, I think the most important distinction to make is if the crime is a result of their disability, or if the person just made bad choices. The information I would include in my report would help determine this. I think the first thing I would explore is the person’s diagnosis. It is important to differentiate between the severity of the diagnosis. If the person falls under the severe or profound category it is likely not their fault, but rather a lack of adequate help. With this, we can determine how much the disability affected the choices the person makes. Another factor to include in the report is whether the person needed aid and if they got that aid. To get this information, I would use people like the person’s parents or whoever they live with. This would not only give insight into whether they were getting the help they needed or not but also their ability to function and complete their activities of daily living. If the person has a job, I will also seek information from their supervisor, and fellow employees if applicable. This would give even more insight into the person’s ability to function. This will not only conform to the diagnosis, but it will show the judicial system relevant information. This information will help the judicial system to determine if the person understands their choices or if they committed the crime because they did not get the support they needed in their life. I think the nature of the crime is also important to consider. If it was something interpersonal like assault, a person with an intellectual disability might have misread the social cues, or lacked the understanding of the concept of assault. These things would all be included in my report.
(for numbers 3 and 4) initial post that students are referrring too. Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders are characterized by problems in the self-control of emotions and behaviors. Also included are the lesser-known disorders of pyromania and kleptomania. Review the case study below.
Mark is an 11-year-old boy who has exhibited extreme stubbornness and defiance since he was a little boy. His behavior has been evident primarily at home and does not involve significant mood instability or anger, although he has been reported as occasionally being vindictive and spiteful. Mark’s behavior has negatively affected his relationships with his siblings. More recently, his behavior has started to affect his friendships. Mark’s parents have become increasingly frustrated with his behavior over the years and have become what could be described as unreceptive and detached.
Your response to your classmate’s posting must be approximately 100 words;
3. Respond to mary..” Mark has exhibited behavioral problems since he was a little boy, and his behavior is getting worse. Mark is stubborn and has been defiant only at home along with being vindictive and spiteful with his family. His behavior is now affecting his friendships with his friends and possibly will start affecting him at school. Mark has to see a psychiatrist to see what is making him behave the way he is. He is 11 years old, and his behavior is getting worse instead of better. Looking at different disorders that Mark should be tested for is Oppositional Defiant Disorder F91.3 in the DSM5-TR this pattern of angry and irritable mood, argumentative and having defiant behavior along with being vindictiveness for at least six months and has to demonstrate at least four symptoms and has to exhibit interaction with at least one individual who is not a sibling. His behavior is starting to affect his friendships with his friends which is one of the signs. He is often angry and resentful; he argues with authority figures for children and adolescents with adults. Mark has started to become vindictive and spiteful at least twice within the past 6 months. He often defies or refuses to comply with requests from authority figures such as his parents. The disturbance in this behavior is associated with distress within Mark and other in his family and it impacts negative behavior on social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning (DSM 5-TR). Criterion A8 For individuals who are 5 years or older and the behavior. should occur at least once a week for at least 6 months unless otherwise noted (DSM 5-TR)I feel Mark should also be tested for ADHD and have other tests completed to see if he does not have Bipolar or another disorder that needs to be diagnosed since he has had this type of behavioral when he was younger. The clinician should look at his family history to see if there is anyone who has any type of al health disorders in the past such as Bipolar or other mental health disorders to see if there is a pattern of disorders in the family. Talking to Mark’s family members parents, teachers and friends about Mark’s behavior to help with diagnosing Mark to see what disorder he might have since his behavior is only taking place at home but is now starting to affect his friends. I feel if they get Mark tested for different disorders that he might have and on medication then Mark’s behavior may change, but he first has to be diagnosed with the correct disorder and put on proper medication.”
4. Respond to student Pablo..”Looking at Marks case. It can go many ways. I looked through the DSM-5-TR and found nothing that described what Mark was going through. If I did find some diagnosis that could possibly fit but I did not want to go ahead and claim that disorder. This case reminds me of another case I read about in The Boy Who was Raised as a Dog by Bruce D. Perry, MD, PHD. And Maia Szalavitz. In chapter 5 The Coldest Heart (Perry, Szalavitz, 2007, p107). We read about the case of two brothers. They were raised by the same parents. Yet one of the siblings spent more time with mom and the other spent time alone. The brother who spent time alone ended up murdering two girls. He was detached and cold. Never learning how to create genuine connections. This becomes a situation of nature vs nurture. I do not think I have enough information to make a diagnosis with Mark. I would like to know more about his relationship with his parents, his upbringing, and any educational history. I think also having someone a psychiatrist conduct and assessment. If Mark has a history of trauma this can also be a response of his to that trauma. I do not think that Mark is a sociopath or psychopath. I think this is someone who is dealing with trauma or difficulties he has not shared. I believe that Mark is still at a good age to intervene and get the proper help. Providing a therapist would also be great and maybe working alongside them to figure out what is going on with Mark would be a start. If there are issues with the parents and their parenting style. Possibly enrolling them in parenting classes and therapy would be helpful. I still need more information to make a proper diagnosis.”
5.Respond to courney 100 words or more ask a question and give feedback.’Identifying a COPES question is essentially the same as formulating a research question. My COPES question is: If someone with an opioid use disorder is provided free access to a case manager following an overdose or given free Narcan and a resource pamphlet, which will result in fewer consequent overdoses? Throughout my career as an addictions counselor, I am faced, over and over again, with an increasing rate of client overdoses, which has seemingly doubled overnight with the increase of fentanyl being cut into, not only heroin, but all substances, even marijuana. One of the biggest interventions is Narcan, with a number of community organizations coming together in order to provide this, free of cost, to those with an opioid use disorder, general community members, first responders, and high traffic locations for drug use. However, there is rarely any form of follow through, with community outreach programs only recently coming to the forefront in the county I work in. My professional experience, through qualitative data from my clients, is that while Narcan is lifesaving, they go into the ER and discharge within hours, only to return to their drug use immediately after. My proposal is to identify if providing free case management services, which are costly to the community, is more effective in reducing consequent overdoses than by simply providing Narcan. This is an effectiveness question, as I want to know, not only which is more effective for the client, but also the most cost effective for the community.The database that I utilized for this exercise was Social Science Premium Collection, as it advertised a variety of different social services, including addiction. The five key phrases that I used were “opiate use disorder”, “Narcan”, “treatment”, “coping skills”, and “effectiveness”. This generated 27 results, but only 15 of those were relevant to the search. During this search, nothing surprised me. I am not fond of this method of research. While I often create a research, or COPES, question, I don’t generally use all of that to start researching. I prefer to start general, then based on findings, continue to narrow things down until I start finding usable peer reviewed articles. I have found that this method increases my general knowledge as I review articles and learn more about my topic as I go.I am always using evidence-based practices at work/internship, as it’s what I’ve done for the better part of a decade. I have been lucky enough to be on committees where I am part of the creative team to update evidence-based group curriculums at my job such as SMART Recovery, Gambling use disorder group, and Co-occurring groups. I believe that it’s important that every organization looks at their group curriculums every couple of years, speak with their counselors who are providing these services, and identify areas that could be improved upon. At previous jobs, I have seen too heavy a reliance on specific evidence-based curriculums that have since fallen from favor due to stigmatizing language or research that is no longer up to date or relevant. If more organizations focused on this, I believe that staff and clients would be more interested in these materials and group sessions would be more effective.”
6. Respond to Sedona,” For my COPES question, I chose an effectiveness question: If elementary-aged students with consistently violent behaviors (5+ violent referrals per week) participated in a peer mediation or a family intervention, which would result in a steeper decrease in violent behavioral referrals? I used the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) for my database search. My first search included the terms: elementary students, peer mediation, family intervention, behavioral referrals, and effectiveness. This generated 343 results. I refined my search by adding the word violent and my searches were slimmed to 310 results. In my third search, I added “elementary students or primary students” and “family intervention or family involvement or family treatment”. These terms combined offered 363 search results.Many of the search results were not overwhelmingly similar to my original question; for that reason, I am considering how to tweak my question to ensure better search results. It might be helpful to change the age to high school, as violent behaviors tend to become more prominent at this age. I might also change the question from “violent” to a more specific diagnosis like ODD or autism. I am open to other suggestions from peers or Dr. Barnes.Before reading this week’s material, I was skeptical of Evidence-Based Practices, and I’ll provide an example to support that statement: The Multi-Tiered Support Systems approach (MTSS). MTSS is an evidence-supported practice that has worked in controlled, staffed, and well-funded settings and has since been adopted by many public school districts across the country. However, the MTSS results often do not translate to a “real-world” school because of a lack of staffing or funding.However, the powerpoint attached to the reading materials explains that a heavy emphasis on case examples, authority, or “trendy” new theories can actually be an example of a logical fallacy (Barnes, n.d.). If a new theory is adopted, an agency should continue to reevaluate the effectiveness of the implemented program and make changes moving forward. Herein lies the problem many agencies experience when attempting to adopt EBP’s; they do not continue to make the necessary changes to ensure success for their specific clients. Further, it is important to note that EBP’s only inform Empirically-Supported Treatments; EST’s stray from the original EBP, but are still upheld as ethical treatments (Drisko & Grady, 2015).Lastly, I will briefly discuss an article I found listed on the Cambell Collaboration. One research brief (Nye, Schwartz, & Turner, 2006) shared that parent involvement had a significant impact on student academic achievement; although this research does not directly address violent student behavior, it does reflect that family involvement can influence behavior at school.”
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