Lab Goals
Set up a firewall for various operating systems.
Lab Purpose
Learn to install and/or configure a firewall on both Windows and Linux systems, establish network connectivity between them, and test firewall rules to block specific traffic.
Lab Instructions
Prerequisites:
The instructions assume you have the Windows 10/11 system and the Linux system (Ubuntu) from Lab B. If you don’t have them, please refer to Lab B for instructions on setting up the required systems.
Note: Screenshot extensions in the examples described below are .png, but you can also use .jpg or .jpeg.
Part 1 – Configure and Test Firewalls
Log in to your Windows and Linux systems and perform the following steps:
Establish Network Connectivity
Ensure that both the Windows and Linux systems are connected to the same network (e.g., host or virtual network).
If you are using VirtualBox for one or both systems, set the network adapter of the virtual machine(s) to “Bridged Mode” to allow them to communicate with each other (or with the host operating system).
B. Use the commands you learned in Lab B to get network interface configuration information for both machines. You want to get the IPv4 address of each machine (Windows and Linux) and write them down and label them as Linux and the other one as Windows. You should ping each machine from the other to ensure that they are connected.
C. Type in the following command, on BOTH systems:
echo “Your First Name and Your Last Name”
D. Capture Screenshots:
Take a screenshot of the network configuration on both the Windows and Linux systems, showing the network settings of each (or successful pings from each machine to the other) and ensuring that you are also capturing the echo command output with your first and last name.
Save the screenshots with the filenames:
Windows: _LabF_Task1_windows.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task1_windows.png”)
Linux: _LabF_Task1_linux.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task1_linux.png”).
2. Turn the Windows Firewall Off and test
On the Windows system, open the “Windows Security” application. You can find it in the Start Menu or search for “Windows Security.”
In the Windows Security window, click on “Firewall & network protection.”
Scroll down and locate your active network. It should be the Public network. Click on it and turn the firewall off.
B. From the Linux machine open a terminal window.
Initiate a telnet connection to the windows machine on port 445:
telnet 445
II. Confirm successful connection.
It should ouput:
Trying …
Connected to
Escape character is ‘^]’.
III. Hit Ctrl+C to close the connection.
C. Type in the following command:
echo “Your First Name and Your Last Name”
D. Capture Screenshots:
Take a screenshot of the successful connection from the Linux machine to the Windows machine and ensuring that you are also capturing the echo command output with your first and last name.
Save the screenshots with the filenames:
Windows: _LabF_Task2.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task2_windows.png”)
3. Turn the Windows Firewall On and test
On the Windows system, open the “Windows Security” application. You can find it in the Start Menu or search for “Windows Security.”
In the Windows Security window, click on “Firewall & network protection.”
Scroll down and locate your active network. It should be the Public network. Turn the firewall back to on.
B. From the Linux machine open a terminal window.
Initiate a telnet connection to the windows machine on port 445:
telnet 445
II. Confirm an unsuccessful connection
It should ouput:
Trying …
[ But it won’t proceed any further because it’s blocked by the fw. ]
III. Hit Ctrl+C to close the connection.
C. Type in the following command:
echo “Your First Name and Your Last Name”
D. Capture Screenshots:
Take a screenshot of the successful connection from the Linux machine to the Windows machine and ensuring that you are also capturing the echo command output with your first and last name.
Save the screenshots with the filenames:
Windows: _LabF_Task3.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task3_windows.png”)
4. Install, Configure, and Test a Firewall on Linux (Ubuntu)
A. Log in to your Linux system and open a terminal window.
B. Install the ssh server/daemon.
sudo apt update && sudo apt install ssh -y
[ You may get a message that ssh is already installed – thats OK ]
C. Install the “ufw” firewall application by running the following command:
sudo apt install ufw -y
[ You may get a message that ufw is already installed – that’s OK ]
D. Enable the firewall by running the following command:
sudo ufw enable
E. Allow SSH traffic (port 22) for remote access by running the following command:
sudo ufw allow 22
F. Type in the following command:
echo “Your First Name and Your Last Name”
G. Capture Screenshot:
Take a screenshot of the terminal showing the enable and allow commands for the “ufw” firewall and your echo command with your name as an argument.
Save the screenshot with the filename format: _LabF_Task4.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task4.png”).
5. Test Firewall Rules – SSH allowed
On the Windows system, open the Command Prompt.
Initiate a SSH connection to the Linux machine.
ssh username@
(username must be your username on the Linux system)
II. Confirm successful connection.
It should ouput:
[ A message about the authenticity of the host ]
III. Enter yes and hit enter to accept the key fingerprint.
IV. Proceed by entering the password for your Linux user account.
V. You should be remotely logged into your Linux system now.
VI. Now close the connection, type: exit and hit enter.
B. Type in the following command:
echo “Your First Name and Your Last Name”
C. Capture Screenshot:
Take a screenshot of the Command Prompt on the Windows system showing the successful ssh command to the Linux machine, your command to exit, and the connection closed message. response from the Linux system.
Save the screenshot with the filename format: _LabF_Task5.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task5.png”).
6. Block/Deny SSH
In a terminal window on the Linux system
Block/Deny SSH traffic (port 22) for remote access by running the following command:
sudo ufw deny 22
C. Type in the following command:
echo “Your First Name and Your Last Name”
D. Capture Screenshot:
Take a screenshot of the terminal showing the enable and allow commands for the “ufw” firewall and your echo command with your name as an argument.
Save the screenshot with the filename format: _LabF_Task6.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task6.png”).
7. Test Firewall Rules – SSH blocked
On the Windows system, open the Command Prompt.
Initiate a SSH connection to the Linux machine.
ssh username@
(username must be your username on the Linux system)
II. Confirm unsuccessful connection.
It should output:
[ A pause and then a connection timed out message. ]
[ That’s good, the firewall is working! ]
B. Type in the following command:
echo “Your First Name and Your Last Name”
C. Capture Screenshot:
Take a screenshot of the Command Prompt on the Windows system showing the successful ssh command to the Linux machine, your command to exit, and the connection closed message. response from the Linux system.
Save the screenshot with the filename format: _LabF_Task7.extension (e.g., “JohnDoe_LabF_Task7.png”).
The post Lab Goals
Set up a firewall for various operating systems.
Lab Purpose
Learn to appeared first on Scholars Hub Blog.
