Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal: Evaluation Plan

Opioid use disorder (OUD) among pregnant women is linked to significant morbidity and mortality. Opioid-addicted mothers are at risk of complications from substance use during the pregnancy period. This patient population requires care that accounts for their substance use issues and maternity needs (Goodman et al., 2020). The proposed project seeks to reduce mortality by offering a comprehensive package for mothers addicted to opioids in addition to routine antenatal and postnatal care. Evaluation of the proposed evidence-based practice (EBP) project is essential to determine the achievement of the expected outcomes and the effectiveness of the intervention. Conducting formative evaluation is crucial in project implementation as it determines its success and informs strategies for long-term sustainability (Elwy et al., 2020). The following sections detail an evaluation plan for the expected outcomes, data collection tools, statistical tests, evaluation methods for outcomes, and post-evaluation strategies. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

Expected Outcomes

The researcher expects several outcomes after the project’s implementation. The primary outcome is reduced mortality among women undergoing comprehensive care for opioid-addicted mothers. The author anticipates a decrease in OUD-related deaths among pregnant women within a year of the implementation. Secondary outcomes associated with the implementation the researcher will examine include factors affecting the pregnant women’s engagement in the intervention (demographics) and study participation and completion rates. The other outcome of interest is the neonatal abstinence syndrome cases. The researcher will get a fuller picture of the project’s impact by measuring these outcomes. Elwy et al. (2020) recommended a holistic evaluation that examines all the outcomes associated with a project. The achievement of the expected outcomes will indicate the project’s effectiveness and provide a foundation for continuous improvement.

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Data Collection Tools

The researcher plans to apply a qualitative design to determine the effectiveness of the comprehensive care package for pregnant women with OUD compared with standard care. Various tools are used for qualitative research, including focus-group interviews, in-depth interviews, and self-administered questionnaires. Focus groups and in-depth interviews apply to small populations of around ten participants, while questionnaires can be applied to larger groups. The researcher will use a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on the project. The questionnaire will have sections for various participants, including patients and healthcare providers. It will measure the outcomes outlined in the previous section. The researcher will prepare the questionnaire. They will assess its reliability and validity through pilot testing in a similar setting and improve the tool accordingly (Taherdoost, 2021). The semi-structured questionnaire the researcher will use is dependable, valid, and applicable. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

Statistical Test

The researcher will use non-parametric tests to analyze relationships between the study variables. Also referred to as distribution-free tests, the non-parametric statistic test does not make assumptions about data distribution. The tests are suited for questionnaire data, particularly for semi-structured survey forms. The tests are used when the data is not normally distributed, on ordinal scales, and if there is variance inhomogeneity. The research will apply a questionnaire. A chi-square test will be appropriate to determine the association between the comprehensive care package and reduced maternal mortality among opioid-addicted mothers. The linear regression analysis will also help analyze the association between process outcomes/variables and reduced maternal mortality (Shreffler & Huecker, 2023). The non-parametric statistical tests are most appropriate to analyze the project implementation data.

Outcome Measurement and Evaluation Methods

The researcher will use the questionnaire to measure the project outcomes and apply the identified statistical analyses for the evaluation. The questionnaire will have several sections and questions targeting various outcomes. Data will be analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Chi-square tests will be used to determine the significance of the association between comprehensive care and decreased maternal deaths among pregnant women with OUD. Linear regression will help determine the predictors of reduced mortality and other secondary outcomes (Shreffler & Huecker, 2023). The researcher will compare the outputs and the expected outcomes after 365 days to establish the effectiveness of the proposed intervention. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

Strategies to Implement if the Project Fails to Achieve Expected Results

The researcher will implement a few strategies should the project fail to produce the expected results. The researcher will discontinue implementation of the intervention temporarily. They will plan a formative evaluation. A survey will be conducted to determine what went wrong. It will involve the participants and the healthcare providers. The survey will focus on the implementation process to identify missed steps or failures that could have produced poor outcomes (Elwy et al., 2020). The data collected will inform recommendations on how to proceed.

Plans to Revise, Extend, Maintain, or Discontinue the Proposed Intervention

After evaluation, the researcher may improve, extend, maintain, or discontinue the proposed intervention. The decision will depend on the data collected and the capacity of the community hospital to continue the solution after the one-year proposal (Elwy et al., 2020).  If the data indicates that the project process and outcomes were positive, the community hospital can consider maintaining comprehensive care for opioid-addicted pregnant women. The organization could also seek a project extension if the 365 days are insufficient to evaluate the primary outcome (maternal mortality). The other option is improving the intervention or extending its period. Lastly, the researcher could discontinue the project if it is ineffective and cannot be remedied.

Conclusion

               Evaluation is an essential phase of project implementation. The proposed project will apply a semi-structured questionnaire to examine the comprehensive care package on maternal mortality among opioid-addicted mothers. Non-parametric tests will analyze the outcomes. If the project fails, the researcher will survey the causes and provide recommendations. The project will be maintained or discontinued based on the evaluation results. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

References

Elwy, A. R., Wasan, A. D., Gillman, A. G., Johnston, K. L., Dodds, N., McFarland, C., & Greco, C. M. (2020). Using formative evaluation methods to improve clinical implementation efforts: Description and an example. Psychiatry Research, 283 (112532), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112532.

Goodman, D. J.,   Saunders, E. C., & Wolff, K. B. (2020). In their own words: A qualitative study of factors promoting resilience and recovery among postpartum women with opioid use disorders. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(178), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02872-5.

Shreffler, J., & Huecker, M. R. (2023). Types of variables and commonly used statistical designs. Treasure Island, FL: Stat Pearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557882/.

Taherdoost, H. (2021). Data collection methods and tools for research; A step-by-step guide to choose. Data collection technique for academic and business research projects. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM),10 (1),10-38. https://hal.science/hal-03741847/document.

Appendix A: APA Writing Checklist

Use this document as a checklist for each paper you will write throughout your GCU graduate program. Follow specific instructions indicated in the assignment and use this checklist to help ensure correct grammar and APA formatting. Refer to the APA resources available in the GCU Library and Student Success Center. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

☒ APA paper template (located in the Student Success Center/Writing Center) is utilized for the correct format of the paper. APA style is applied, and the format is correct throughout.

☒  The title page is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☒ The introduction is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☒ The topic is well defined.

☒ A strong thesis statement is included in the introduction of the paper.

☒ The thesis statement is consistently threaded throughout the paper and included in the conclusion.

☒ Paragraph development: Each paragraph has an introductory statement, two or three sentences as the body of the paragraph, and a transition sentence to facilitate the flow of information. The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☒ All sources are cited. APA style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.

☒ Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to the assignment and APA style, and the format is free of error.

Scholarly Resources: Scholarly resources are written with a focus on a specific subject discipline and are usually written by an expert in the same subject field. Scholarly resources are written for an academic audience. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

Examples of Scholarly Resources include Academic journals, books written by experts in a field, and formally published encyclopedias and dictionaries.

Peer-Reviewed Journals: Peer-reviewed journals are evaluated before publication by experts in the journal’s subject discipline. This process ensures that the articles published within the journal are academically rigorous and meet the required expectations of an article in that subject discipline.

Empirical Journal Article: This type of scholarly resource is a subset of scholarly articles that report the original findings of an observational or experimental research study. Common aspects found within an empirical article include literature review, methodology, results, and discussion.

Complete your PICOT using your approved proposed nursing practice problem. If they were approved, you may use the population and intervention developed in your Topic 1 assignment. Include any necessary revisions in this submission. Refer to the “Example PICOT” below as needed for guidance on how to complete the PICOT.

	PICOT Question
P	Population	Substance abuse in antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum women of childbearing age
I	Intervention	Support and treatment of the addicted patient
C	Comparison	Non-opioid addicted pregnant and postpartum patient
O	Outcome	Decrease maternal mortality rate in the addicted patient
T	Timeframe	5 years
PICOT Create a complete PICOT statement.	In pregnant women who are opioid addicted (P), does providing a comprehensive set of services delivered in a coordinated and integrated approach (I), when compared to non-opioid addicted pregnant women (C), lead to decrease in maternal deaths (o) in ante/intra/postpartum patients from day 43- 365 days (T)
Problem Statement Create a problem statement for your PICOT. You will use this problem statement throughout your final written paper.	Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is at epidemic levels globally and in the United States (Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, 2019). Studies showed that between 2017-2022 pregnancy associated overdose mortality rates increased by 81%, compared to a 38% increase among non-drug dependent reproductive-aged women (Emilie Bruzelius, 2022). Lack of access to comprehensive services before, during, and after pregnancy. Specifically shortage of maternity care and substance use treatment providers/health centers. Lack of individual and family support within the community and social services(Petersen et al., 2019). Improvement of quality of care and supportive care has the potential to decrease addiction, leading to a decreased maternal mortality rate (Rizk et al., 2019). Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

References

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. (2019, September 11). (irbs) and protection of human subjects. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/center-drug-evaluation-and-researchcder/institutionalreview-boards-irbs-and-protection-human-subjects-clinical-trials   Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

Emilie Bruzelius, M. (2022, December 6). US trends in drug overdose mortality among pregnant and postpartum persons, 2017-2020. JAMA. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2799164

Petersen, E. E., Davis, N. L., Goodman, D., Cox, S., Mayes, N., Johnston, E., Syverson, C., Seed, K., ShapiroMendoza, C. K., Callaghan, W. M., & Barfield, W. (2019). vital signs: pregnancy-related deaths, United

States, 2011–2015, and strategies for Prevention, 13 states, 2013–2017. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 68(18). https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6818e1

Rizk, A. H., Simonsen, S. E., Roberts, L., Taylor‐Swanson, L., Lemoine, J. B., & Smid, M. (2019). Maternity care for pregnant women with opioid use disorder: A Review. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 64(5), 532–544. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.13019

The dissemination of an evidence-based practice project proposal is an important part of the final project.

Dissemination of your project to a local association or clinical site/practice informs important stakeholders of evidence-based interventions that can improve clinical practice and ultimately patient outcomes.

For this assignment, develop a professional presentation that could be disseminated to a professional group of your peers.

Develop a PowerPoint presentation (12-15 slides) detailing your evidence-based practice project proposal.

Create speaker notes of 100-250 words for each slide. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

For your PowerPoint presentation, use Zoom to create a voice-over or a video. Refer to the Topic 7 Resources for additional guidance on recording your presentation with Zoom. Include an additional slide for the Zoom link at the beginning and an additional slide for references at the end.

Be sure to consider your personal demeanor and tone during the recorded presentation.

Include the following in your presentation:

Introduction (include PICOT statement)
Organizational Culture and Readiness
Problem Statement and Literature Review
Change Model or Framework
Implementation Plan
Evaluation Plan
Conclusion
You are required to cite a minimum of six peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

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This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
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Rubric Criteria

Introduction
6 points
Criteria Description Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay
Introduction

5. Target
6 points
The introduction is succinct, captures the attention of the audience, clearly identifies PICOT statement and the fundamental aspects of the evidence-based practice project proposal that will be the main talking points and for the presentation.

4. Acceptable
5.52 points
The introduction is adequate. The PICOT statement and the fundamental aspects of the evidence-based practice project proposal that will be the main talking points and PICOT statement for the presentation are discussed.

3. Approaching
5.28 points
The introduction generally presents the PICOT statement and most of the fundamental aspects of the evidence-based practice project proposal that will be the main talking points and for the presentation.

2. Insufficient
4.8 points
The introduction omits key aspects of the PICOT and fundamental aspects of the evidence-based practice project proposal that will be the main talking points and PICOT statement for the presentation.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
An introduction is not included.

Organizational and Cultural Readiness Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay
12 points
Criteria Description
Organizational and Cultural Readiness

5. Target
12 points
The organizational culture and readiness are thoroughly discussed and provide insight into the organization challenges.

4. Acceptable
11.04 points
The organizational culture and readiness are adequately discussed and provide the necessary insight into the organization challenges.

3. Approaching
10.56 points
The organizational culture and readiness are generally discussed and provide insight into some of the challenges faced by the organization.

2. Insufficient
9.6 points
The discussion on the organizational culture and readiness is incomplete.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
The discussion on the organizational culture and readiness is not included.

Problem Statement and Literature Review
18 points
Criteria Description
Problem Statement and Literature Review

5. Target
18 points
The problem statement is consistent throughout the presentation and concisely describes the issue using strong evidence-based support from the literature review to rationalize and justify the problem. The research from the literature review is current, relevant, and used to provide excellent rationale and support throughout. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

4. Acceptable
16.56 points
The problem describes the issue using evidence-based support from the literature review to rationalize and justify the problem. The research from the literature review is current, relevant, and used to provide adequate rationale and support throughout.

3. Approaching
15.84 points
The problem statement summarizes the issue and uses evidence-based support from some of the literature review to rationalize and justify the problem. The research from the literature review provides general support overall.

2. Insufficient
14.4 points
The problem statement outlines the issue. Support from the research from the literature review is inconsistent.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
The problem statement is not clearly stated. Research from the literature review is not included.

Framework/Model
12 points
Criteria Description
Framework/Model

5. Target
12 points
The selected framework/model and its application to the proposed implementation are thoroughly described.

4. Acceptable
11.04 points
The selected framework/model and its application to the proposed implementation are adequately described. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

3. Approaching
10.56 points
The selected framework/model and its application to the proposed implementation are generally described.

2. Insufficient
9.6 points
The selected framework/model is and its application to the proposed implementation are only partially described.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
The selected framework/model and its application to the proposed implementation are not described.

Implementation Plan
12 points
Criteria Description
Implementation Plan

5. Target
12 points
The implementation plan is thoroughly described and provides the details for the various aspects.

4. Acceptable
11.04 points
The implementation plan is adequately described and provides the details for the various aspects.

3. Approaching
10.56 points
The implementation plan is generally described and provides an overall outline for the various aspects.

2. Insufficient
9.6 points
The implementation plan is only partially described.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
The implementation plan is not described.

Evaluation Plan
12 points
Criteria Description
Evaluation Plan

5. Target
12 points
The evaluation plan is thoroughly described and provides the details for the various aspects.

4. Acceptable
11.04 points
The evaluation plan is adequately described and provides key information for the various aspects.

3. Approaching
10.56 points
The evaluation plan is outlined and provides general information for most aspects.

2. Insufficient
9.6 points
The evaluation plan is only partially described.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
The evaluation plan is not described.

Conclusion
6 points
Criteria Description
Conclusion

5. Target
6 points
The conclusion is short, clear and summarizes the key points of the presentation in a powerful and memorable way. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

4. Acceptable
5.52 points
The conclusion summarizes the key points of the presentation in a concise manner.

3. Approaching
5.28 points
The conclusion outlines the broad aspects of the presentation.

2. Insufficient
4.8 points
The conclusion mentions some aspects of the presentation, but there are some key aspects missing.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
A conclusion is not presented.

Research
6 points
Criteria Description
Research

5. Target
6 points
Research is supportive of the rationale presented. Sources are distinctive. Addresses all of the issues stated in the assignment criteria.

4. Acceptable
5.52 points
Research is timely and relevant, and addresses all of the issues stated in the assignment criteria.

3. Approaching
5.28 points
Research is adequate. Sources are standard in relevance, quality of outside sources, or timeliness.

2. Insufficient
4.8 points
Few outside sources were used to support the assignment. Limited research is apparent.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
No outside sources were used to support the assignment.

Presentation of Content
12 points
Criteria Description
Presentation of Content

5. Target
12 points
The content is written clearly and concisely. Ideas universally progress and relate to each other. The project includes motivating questions and advanced organizers. The project gives the audience a clear sense of the main idea.

4. Acceptable
11.04 points
The content is written with a logical progression of ideas and supporting information, exhibiting a unity, coherence, and cohesiveness. Presentation includes persuasive information from reliable sources.

3. Approaching
10.56 points
The presentation slides are generally competent, but ideas may show some inconsistency in organization and/or in their relationships to each other.

2. Insufficient
9.6 points
The content is vague in conveying a point of view and does not create a strong sense of purpose. Presentation includes some persuasive information.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
The content lacks a clear point of view and logical sequence of information. Presentation includes little persuasive information. Sequencing of ideas is unclear.

Layout
6 points
Criteria Description
Layout

5. Target
6 points
The layout is visually pleasing and contributes to the overall message with appropriate use of headings, subheadings, and white space. Text is appropriate in length for the target audience and to the point. The background and colors enhance the readability of the text.

4. Acceptable
5.52 points
The layout background and text complement each other and enable the content to be easily read. The fonts are easy to read and point size varies appropriately for headings and text.

3. Approaching
5.28 points
The layout uses horizontal and vertical white space appropriately. Sometimes the fonts are easy to read, but in a few places the use of fonts, italics, bold, long paragraphs, color, or busy background detracts and does not enhance readability.

2. Insufficient
4.8 points
The layout shows some structure but appears cluttered and busy or distracting with large gaps of white space or a distracting background. Overall readability is difficult due to lengthy paragraphs, too many different fonts, dark or busy background, overuse of bold, or lack of appropriate indentations of text.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
The layout is cluttered, confusing, and does not use spacing, headings, and subheadings to enhance the readability. The text is extremely difficult to read with long blocks of text, small point size for fonts, and inappropriate contrasting colors. Poor use of headings, subheadings, indentations, or bold formatting is evident.

Language Use and Audience Awareness
6 points
Criteria Description
Language Use and Audience Awareness

5. Target
6 points
The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in distinctive and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose, discipline, and scope.

4. Acceptable
5.52 points
The writer is clearly aware of audience, uses a variety of appropriate vocabulary for the targeted audience, and uses figures of speech to communicate clearly. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

3. Approaching
5.28 points
Language is appropriate to the targeted audience for the most part.

2. Insufficient
4.8 points
Some distracting inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. The writer exhibits some lack of control in using figures of speech appropriately.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
Inappropriate word choice and lack of variety in language use are evident. Writer appears to be unaware of audience. Use of primer prose indicates writer either does not apply figures of speech or uses them inappropriately.

Mechanics of Writing
6 points
Criteria Description
Includes spelling, capitalization, punctuation, grammar, language use, sentence structure, etc.

5. Target
6 points
No mechanical errors are present. Skilled control of language choice and sentence structure are used throughout.

4. Acceptable
5.52 points
Few mechanical errors are present. Suitable language choice and sentence structure are used.

3. Approaching
5.28 points
Occasional mechanical errors are present. Language choice is generally appropriate. Varied sentence structure is attempted.

2. Insufficient
4.8 points
Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors are present. Inconsistencies in language choice or sentence structure are recurrent. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
Errors in grammar or syntax are pervasive and impede meaning. Incorrect language choice or sentence structure errors are found throughout.

Format/Documentation
6 points
Criteria Description
Uses appropriate style, such as APA, MLA, etc., for college, subject, and level; documents sources using citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., appropriate to assignment and discipline.

5. Target
6 points
No errors in formatting or documentation are present. Selectivity in the use of direct quotations and synthesis of sources is demonstrated.

4. Acceptable
5.52 points
Appropriate format and documentation are used with only minor errors.

3. Approaching
5.28 points
Appropriate format and documentation are used, although there are some obvious errors.

2. Insufficient
4.8 points
Appropriate format is attempted, but some elements are missing. Frequent errors in documentation of sources are evident.

1. Unsatisfactory
0 points
Appropriate format is not used. Evaluation Methods to Improve Clinical Implementation Efforts Essay