Assessment 2
A Right to Experimental Drugs?
InstructionsResourcesActivityAttempt 1availableAttempt 2Attempt 3
InstructionsResourcesActivityAttempt 1 availableAttempt 2Attempt 3
Write a 2–3 page paper that explains and defends your view on the issue of whether or
not patients with no other treatment options have a moral right to unproven drugs.
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Introduction
Many doctors, nurses, medical technicians, and other health care workers are involved in
medical research. The field of medicine is not limited to the direct treatment of patients
but also involves the continued expansion of medical research. A large part of such
research is clinical research, which puts patients into the role of experimental subjects.
This raises a number of challenging questions for health care ethics, many of which follow
from the fact that physicians, nurses, and others involved in clinical research have a dual
role. As researchers, they are committed to generating new knowledge about diseases,
developing new treatments and drug therapies, and, in general, helping to improve the
welfare of human beings by eliminating or controlling diseases and increasing longevity.
However, researchers involved in clinical research must also be committed to the highest
quality care for individual patients taking part in research studies. This assessment
explores some of the ethical issues that clinical research raises and some of the safeguards
in place to protect the interests of patients involved in research.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the
following course competencies and assessment criteria:
Competency 1: Articulate ethical issues in health care.
o Explain how the principle of informed consent is relevant to these
issues.
o Explain the costs and benefits of offering unapproved experimental
drugs to patients.
Competency 2: Apply sound ethical thinking related to a health care issue.
o Identify relevant ethical theories and moral principles.
o Articulate arguments using examples for and against offering pre-
approved drugs to wider pools of patients.
Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and
respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with
health care professionals.
o Exhibit proficiency in clear and effective academic writing skills.
Preparation
When a new drug is undergoing clinical trials to be approved for treatment, it must pass
through a number of distinct phases of testing. These phases require rigorous study and
evidence to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of new treatments. Passing through these
phases and achieving approval takes many years for some trials. Before approval, patients
not part of a clinical trial have limited or no access to experimental drugs, even though
these drugs could be helpful and potentially save their lives. There are various groups
pushing for greater patient access to drugs still in the experimental stage. In recent years,
the FDA has made it somewhat easier to receive treatment with experimental drugs, but
according to advocacy groups there are still too many restrictions (Munson, 2014).
This leads to a potential quandary when early stages of research on a drug sometimes
suggest that the drug could be effective in treating a certain disease. On one hand,
offering easier access to early stage trial drugs could help individuals suffering with a
medical condition. However, on the other hand, making early access to experimental drugs
easier could limit the pool of patients available to participate in clinical trials that establish
whether or not the drug is truly effective and safe. This is an important consideration, as
the vast majority of experimental drugs turn out to be completely ineffective or could
have very dangerous side effects that will only show up over time and across a wider test
population.
When completing this assessment, it is important to keep in mind the ethical arguments
that are relevant to both views regarding the right to experimental drugs. It may be useful
to review the suggested resources and conduct additional independent research while
you are planning your assessment submission.
Instructions
Do patients with no other treatment options have a moral right to unproven drugs? Write
a paper that explains and defends your view on this issue. In addition to reviewing the
suggested resources, you are encouraged to locate additional resources in the Capella
library, your public library, or authoritative online sites to provide additional support for
your viewpoint. Be sure to weave and cite the resources throughout your work. In your
paper, address the following points:
Identify relevant ethical theories and moral principles.
Explain how the principle of informed consent is relevant to the issue.
Explain the costs and benefits of making unproven, unapproved experimental
drugs widely available to patients. Consider the costs and benefits not only to
the individual patients who take these drugs but also potential costs and
benefits to other patients.
Explain arguments using examples for and against offering pre-approved drugs
to wider pools of patients.
Support your view using ethical theories or moral principles (or both) that you
find most relevant to the issue.
Additional Requirements
Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract
from the overall message.
APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current
APA style and formatting guidelines. Refer to Evidence and APA for guidance.
Length: 2–3 typed, double-spaced pages.
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
Reference
Munson, R. (2014). Intervention and reflection: Basic issues in bioethics (concise
ed.). Wadsworth.
Scoring Guide
Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.
